Therapeutic probiotics and prebiotics are emerging as powerful tools in the treatment and management of various health conditions. Probiotics, with their ability to restore balance in the gut microbiome, have shown effectiveness in managing gastrointestinal disorders like irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn’s disease. These beneficial microorganisms help reduce inflammation, enhance gut barrier function, and modulate immune responses. Prebiotics, on the other hand, serve as a food source for beneficial bacteria, promoting their growth and activity. Together, therapeutic probiotics and prebiotics offer synergistic effects in managing conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and even mental health disorders like anxiety and depression. The growing body of research continues to expand their therapeutic potential, making them integral components of personalized medicine.