Title : Calf- gut origin Lactobacillus ruteri and Jerusulam artichoke synbiotics modulated the gut microbiota to restore antimicrobial sensitivity after antibiotic feeding
Abstract:
A 42 days study was designed with the hypothesis that functional foods like synbiotics can modulate the gut antibiotic sensitivity and hence antimicrobial resistance. For this 48 Wistar rats with similar gut microbial profile (based on fecal antibiotic sensitivity) were selected.and screened for most effective and least effective antibiotic based on fecal antibiotic sensitivity. Ciprofloxacin and Ampicillin were observed to be the most effective and least effective antibiotics on rat gut microbiota. These two antibiotics were fed to selected group of rats as per the experimental protocol. The treatment groups were Control, SYN, AMP, AMP+SYN, CIP, CIP+SYN. Control group was fed Basal diet, whereas other groups were fed basal diet along with treatment, Synbiotic Limosilactobacillus ruteri RM125MT903467 @108 cfu/ml+ JAT powder @2% of B.Wt in SYN, antiobiotics in AMP and CIP for 14 days, and in AMP+S and CIP+S antiobiotics for 14 days followed by synbiotic supplementation.
In order to study the effect of synbiotic supplementation on fecal antibiotic sensitivity, weekly faecal microbial antibiotic sensitivity of rats was recorded against representatives of six groups of antibiotics (Ampicillin (AMP) , Chloramphenicol( C), ceftriaxone (CTR), co-trimaxazole (COT), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and tetracycline(TE). Feeding of antibiotics either CIP or AMP resulted in significant reduction in zone of inhibition of faecal microbiota for all tested representatives of six groups of antibiotics (Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, co-trimaxazole, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline) by 2nd week.
Based on the zone of inhibition (ZOI) as per the ABST profile, it can be observed that the ZOI remained lower in all groups till week2. After that, increase in ZOI was observed initially for syn group followed by control.For other antibiotic fed groups (AMP, AMP+S, CIP, CIP+S) increase in ZOI appeared later in experiment. Also, the highest ZOIs were observed for synbiotic fed groups with or without antibiotic.
Further the comparative effect of feeding synbiotic with and without the antibiotic was done for least sensitive antibiotic (Ampicillin).It was observed that the ZOI was higher for the synbiotic fed group (SYN) for most of the antibiotics tested. In ampicillin fed group, ZOI was lower against ampicillin antibiotic tested or equivalent to control for other antibiotics tested. Interestingly, in ampicillin followed by synbiotic group (AMP+S), the ZOI improved and was at par with the SYN group for most of the antibiotics tested.
Similarly, the most sensitive antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) was fed to rats with or without synbiotic. It was evident that the mean ZOI of gut microbes of was similar in synbiotic and control group, whereas the ZOI of rat group fed ciprofloxacin (CIP) deceased than control showing greater resistance to some of the antibiotics tested. Feeding of synbiotic (CIP+S) did increase the ZOI of rats fed ciprofloxacin.
There was no significant effect of treatments on weekly body weight gain and dry matter intake. However, supplementation of synbiotic reduced the daily feed intake in ciprofloxacin treated group. Cell mediated immune response of rats tested by intradermal injection of phytoheamagglutinin-P (PHA-P) antigen showed that feeding of antibiotics (AMP, CIP) and synbiotic significantly improved the immune response as compared to control group.
Audience Take Away:
- Feeding of antibiotics decreased the fecal antibiotic sensitivity in rats fed antibiotics.
- Feeding of synbiotic provided improved fecal antibiotic sensitivity in rats fed on basal diet (control).
- Feeding of synbiotic after antibiotic adminstration did increase the fecal antibiotic sensitivity in rats fed antibiotics being at par with control.
